The original baroque church was built between 1726 and 1743, and was designed by Dresden's city architect George Bähr (1666–1738), one of the greatest masters of German Baroque style, who did not live to see the completion of his greatest work. It is the work of sculptor Adolf von Donndorf from 1885. The reconstruction of the church's exterior was completed in 2004, its interior in 2005. It has also inspired other revitalization projects throughout Europe. Günter Blobel, a German-born American, saw the original Frauenkirche as a child when his refugee family took shelter in a town just outside of Dresden days before the city was bombed. in accordance with New World Encyclopedia standards. When it came time to duplicate the oak doors of the entrance, the builders had only vague descriptions of the detailed carving. The church is one of the best old-building in Dresden, rebuild in early 21th century after second world war, near is a shop where you can buy i.e. In this way, the Frauenkirche serves as a reminder of past destruction, and also as a testimony to the overcoming of enmity and a sign of hope and reconciliation. A Frauenkirche is a church that has been or is consecrated in honor of the Virgin Mary. eval(ez_write_tag([[300,250],'newworldencyclopedia_org-large-mobile-banner-1','ezslot_3',167,'0','0']));eval(ez_write_tag([[300,250],'newworldencyclopedia_org-large-mobile-banner-1','ezslot_4',167,'0','1']));eval(ez_write_tag([[300,250],'newworldencyclopedia_org-large-mobile-banner-1','ezslot_5',167,'0','2'])); Using the original 1720s plans used by builder Georg Bähr, reconstruction finally began in January 1993, under the direction of church architect and engineer Eberhard Burger. A computer imaging program that could move the stones three-dimensionally around the screen in various configurations was used to help architects find where the original stones sat and how they fit together. From that group emerged a year later "The Society to Promote the Reconstruction of the Frauenkirche," which began an aggressive private fund-raising campaign. An engineering triumph comparable to Michelangelo's dome for St. Peter's Basilica in Rome, the Frauenkirche's 12,000-ton sandstone dome soared skyward with no internal supports. The foundation stone was laid in 1994, the crypt was completed in 1996, and the inner cupola in 2000. The approximate original position of each stone could be determined from its position in the heap. Over the years, thousands of watches containing tiny fragments of Frauenkirche stone were sold, as were specially printed medals. The new gilded orb and cross on top of the dome was forged by Grant Macdonald Silversmiths in London using the original eighteenth century techniques as much as possible. In 1999, Blobel won the Nobel Prize for medicine and donated the entire amount of his award money (nearly US$1 million) to the organization for the restoration of Dresden, to the rebuilding of the Frauenkirche and the building of a new synagogue. Because of the continuing decay of the ruins, Dresden decided in 1985 to rebuild the Frauenkirche, after the completion of the reconstruction of the Dresden Castle. The decision was made not to reproduce a replica of the Silbermann organ. Two thousand pieces of the original altar were cleaned and incorporated into the new structure. The Roman Catholic electors of Saxony lost the prestigious leading role of the Protestant estates in the Imperial Diet to Brandenburg-Prussia. The intensive efforts to rebuild this world famous landmark were completed in 2005, one year earlier than originally planned, and in time for the 800-year anniversary of the city of Dresden in 2006.
Features of most of the figures were lopped off by falling debris and the fragments lay under the rubble. The project gathered momentum. Shortly after the end of World War II, residents of Dresden had begun salvaging unique stone fragments from the Frauenkirche and numbering them for future use in reconstruction. The heap of rubble was documented and carried off stone by stone. Bähr's distinctive design for the church captured the new spirit of the Protestant liturgy by placing the altar, pulpit, and baptismal font directly centered in view of the entire congregation. In 1989, a 14-member group of enthusiasts headed by Ludwig Güttler, a noted Dresden musician, formed a Citizens' Initiative. One sponsor raised nearly €2.3 million (US$2.75 million) through symbolic sales of individual church stones. Additional stops also are included, especially a fourth swell manual in the symphonic nineteenth century style which is apt for the organ literature composed after the baroque period. The bombing of Dresden by the Royal Air Force and by the United States Air Force between February 13 and February 15, 1945, remains one of the more controversial Allied actions. The church impressively survived two days and nights of the attacks and the eight interior sandstone pillars supporting the colossal dome held up long enough for the evacuation of 300 people who had sought shelter in the church crypt, before succumbing to the heat generated by the incendiary bombs that were dropped on the city. The project prompted reconstruction of other buildings in the city—Dresden is recovering its old town center with a pioneering mixture of tradition and modern. This explains how the Catholic Prince-elector of Saxony, Frederick August I, could build a magnificent Lutheran church as a monument to Protestant beliefs, in spite of being Catholic. The Dresden Frauenkirche, a masterpiece of European architecture, was a central element of the city centre skyline for over 200 years. The viewing platform at 67 Metres (220 feet) offers unique views over Dresden and its surroundings. The completed church gave the city of Dresden a distinctive silhouette, captured in famous paintings by Bernado Bellotto, a nephew to the artist Canaletto, and the Dresden by moonlight by Norwegian painter Johan Christian Dahl. During World War II (1939-1945), Dresden was attacked seven times between 1944 and 1945. The heap of ruins was conserved as a war memorial within the inner city of Dresden, as a direct counterpart to the ruins of Coventry Cathedral, which was destroyed by German bombing in 1940 and also serves as a war memorial in England. Witnesses in 1760 said that the dome had been hit by more than 100 cannonballs fired by the Prussian army led by Friedrich II during the Seven Years' War. Because people, especially wedding parties, often posed for photos outside the church doors, they issued an appeal for old photographs and the response—which included entire wedding albums—allowed artisans to recreate the original doors.
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