This, although the government believed it could sustain millions, instead could sustain very few. [78], The electric eel (Electrophorus electricus) and more than 100 species of electric fishes (Gymnotiformes) inhabit the Amazon basin. The depth of the Amazon between Manacapuru and Óbidos has been calculated as between 20 to 26 metres (66 to 85 ft). Amazonas Delta. previous next. The candirú, native to the Amazon River, is a species of parasitic fresh water catfish in the family Trichomycteridae,[76] just one of more than 1200 species of catfish in the Amazon basin. Das wasserreiche Amazonas-Delta beherbergt eine einzigartige Flora und Fauna. Freshwater microbes are generally not very well known, even less so for a pristine ecosystem like the Amazon.
His men threatened to mutiny if the expedition turned back to attempt to rejoin Pizarro, the party being over 100 leagues downstream at this point. Because of habitat destruction and hunting, its population has dramatically decreased. previous next. The town of Manáos, now Manaus, at the mouth of the Rio Negro, had a population between 1,000 and 1,500. After 170 kilometres (110 mi), the Coca River joined the Napo River (at a point now known as Puerto Francisco de Orellana); the party stopped for a few weeks to build a boat just upriver from this confluence. 08.11.19. Infos & Fotos. Based on intelligence received from a captive native chief named Delicola, they expected to find food within a few days downriver by ascending another river to the north. At first, navigation was principally confined to the main river; and even in 1857 a modification of the government contract only obliged the company to a monthly service between Pará and Manaus, with steamers of 200 tons cargo capacity, a second line to make six round voyages a year between Manaus and Tabatinga, and a third, two trips a month between Pará and Cametá. If the Pará river and the Marajó island ocean frontage are included, the Amazon estuary is some 325 kilometres (202 mi) wide. [55], The main river is navigable for large ocean steamers to Manaus, 1,500 kilometres (930 mi) upriver from the mouth. [48] In this case, the width of the mouth of the river is usually measured from Cabo Norte, the cape located straight east of Pracuúba in the Brazilian state of Amapá, to Ponta da Tijoca near the town of Curuçá, in the state of Pará. The drainage area of the Amazon basin above Óbidos city is about 5,000,000 square kilometres (1,900,000 sq mi), and, below, only about 1,000,000 square kilometres (390,000 sq mi) (around 20%), exclusive of the 1,400,000 square kilometres (540,000 sq mi) of the Tocantins basin. [31] The low river banks are interrupted by only a few hills, and the river enters the enormous Amazon rainforest. Most of the time, the crossing can be done by a ferry. Every year, the river rises more than 9 metres (30 ft), flooding the surrounding forests, known as várzea ("flooded forests"). Smaller riverboats can reach 780 kilometres (480 mi) higher, as far as Achual Point.
The proto-Amazon during the Cretaceous flowed west, as part of a proto-Amazon-Congo river system, from the interior of present-day Africa when the continents were connected, forming western Gondwana. The river systems and flood plains in Brazil, Peru, Ecuador, Colombia and Venezuela, whose waters drain into the Solimões and its tributaries, are called the "Upper Amazon". This tectonic movement is caused by the subduction of the Nazca Plate underneath the South American Plate. [39] Since only four percent of the Amazon's hydropower potential has been developed in countries like Brazil,[40] more damming projects are underway and hundreds more are planned. More than half of the water in the Amazon downstream of Manacapuru is below sea level. Claudia H. Kolumbien . [68], The tucuxi (Sotalia fluviatilis), also a dolphin species, is found both in the rivers of the Amazon basin and in the coastal waters of South America. "Amazon River", Encarta Encyclopedia, Microsoft Student 2009 DVD. Four centuries after the European discovery of the Amazon river, the total cultivated area in its basin was probably less than 65 square kilometres (25 sq mi), excluding the limited and crudely cultivated areas among the mountains at its extreme headwaters. True cinnamon (Cinnamomum Verum) is not native to South America.
Amazon Delta (Portuguese: delta do Amazonas) is a huge river delta formed by the Amazon River and Tocantins River (through the Pará River distributary channel), in northern South America. Reise wählen & sparen! [2][11], The Amazon basin, the largest in the world, covers about 40% of South America, an area of approximately 7,050,000 square kilometres (2,722,020 sq mi). Fritz reasoned that the Marañón is the largest river branch one encounters when journeying upstream, and lies farther to the west than any other tributary of the Amazon. Near the mouth of the Rio Negro to Serpa, nearly opposite the river Madeira, the banks of the Amazon are low, until approaching Manaus, they rise to become rolling hills.[31]. Contos continued downstream to the ocean and finished the first complete descent of the Amazon river from its newly identified source (finishing November 2012), a journey repeated by two groups after the news spread.[45]. Mismi in the Apurímac drainage, and thus the maximal length of the Amazon river is about 80 km longer than previously thought.
In 1851 Iquitos had a population of 200, and by 1900 its population reached 20,000. After the confluence of Apurímac and Ucayali, the river leaves Andean terrain and is surrounded by floodplain. It drains from west to east, from Iquitos in Peru, across Brazil to the Atlantic. Its population is limited to freshwater habitats, and, unlike other manatees, it does not venture into salt water. The dolphins use echolocation to navigate and hunt in the river's tricky depths. The Casiquiare is a river distributary of the upper Orinoco, which flows southward into the Rio Negro, which in turn flows into the Amazon. The Pará and the Amazon are connected by a series of river channels called furos near the town of Breves; between them lies Marajó, the world's largest combined river/sea island. Klassische Entdeckerreisen Familiäre Unterkünfte mit Flair Deutschsprachige Reiseleitung; viExplorer .
In what is currently in Brazil, Ecuador, Bolivia, Colombia, Peru, and Venezuela, several colonial and religious settlements were established along the banks of primary rivers and tributaries for trade, slaving and evangelization among the indigenous peoples of the vast rainforest, such as the Urarina. Then distances from Lago Junín to several potential source points in the uppermost Mantaro river were measured, which enabled them to determine that the Cordillera Rumi Cruz was the most distant source of water in the Mantaro basin (and therefore in the entire Amazon basin). In the lower reaches of the river, the north bank consists of a series of steep, table-topped hills extending for about 240 kilometres (150 mi) from opposite the mouth of the Xingu as far as Monte Alegre. [49] This is not because the river would be too wide to bridge; for most of its length, engineers could build a bridge across the river easily. A large-scale colonization program saw families from northeastern Brazil relocated to the "land without people" in the Amazon Basin. p. 93. It is a mammal and a herbivore.
The Delta brand lives by three tenets: water has the power to transform the way people feel every day, there can be magic in simple solutions and innovations flow from human insight. [3][4], A study by Brazilian scientists concluded that the Amazon is actually longer than the Nile. We pair thoughtful features, like … 5 sons at 0. From 1648 to 1652, Portuguese Brazilian bandeirante António Raposo Tavares led an expedition from São Paulo overland to the mouth of the Amazon, investigating many of its tributaries, including the Rio Negro, and covering a distance of over 10,000 km (6,214 mi). 1 static pressure as certified by the home ventilating institute (HVI); power consumption of 17. Editorial Lexus 2000 p. 925. Bewertungen. They are best represented by the Marajoara culture. [3] It is often said to be "at least" 6,400 kilometres (4,000 mi) long. River stingrays (Potamotrygonidae) are also known. [30], The total population of the Brazilian portion of the Amazon basin in 1850 was perhaps 300,000, of whom about two-thirds were Europeans and slaves, the slaves amounting to about 25,000.
[66] In addition to the thousands of species of fish, the river supports crabs, algae, and turtles. He arrived in Quito in 1637, and returned via the same route.[27]. Although the Ucayali–Marañón confluence is the point at which most geographers place the beginning of the Amazon River proper, in Brazil the river is known at this point as the Solimões das Águas.
[38], Although the Amazon river remains undammed, around 412 dams are in operation in the Amazon's tributary rivers. Belém is the major city and port at the mouth of the river at the Atlantic Ocean. Small towns and villages are scattered across the forest, and because its vegetation is so dense, some remote areas are still unexplored. It has a series of major tributaries in Colombia, Ecuador and Peru, some of which flow into the Marañón and Ucayali, and others directly into the Amazon proper. In the lower reaches of the river, the north bank consists of a series of steep, table-topped hills extending for about 240 kilometres (150 mi) from opposite the mouth of the Xingu as far as Monte Alegre. Not all of the Amazon's tributaries flood at the same time of the year. He accepted to change the purpose of the expedition to discover new lands in the name of the king of Spain, and the men built a larger boat in which to navigate downstream.
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