The site of the old town center was an unsuitable location for the longhouses of the Linear Pottery culture (usually about 20 to 40 m (66 to 131 ft) long, typically held up to 60 persons and their cattle) as it was a swampy floodplain (the average temperatures of the climate were about 2 to 3 degrees higher than they are now), so they built their villages (typically a cluster of 10 or so buildings) at more elevated locations that still had a decent amount of loess. As of 2009 around 35,000 people lived in Zuffenhausen's area of 1,200 ha (12 km2), making it the third largest of Stuttgart's outer urban districts. The geology of Zuffenhausen is, by the nature of a cuesta landscape, determined by a topographically varied picture of the different layers of rock and sediment as they were deposited in the 240 to 145 million year span of time that Zuffenhausen was part of the bottom of a tropical ocean. By the mid-7th century, these two settlements were joined, thus creating early Zuffenhausen.
The water network depended on the density and composition of the bedrock as Muschelkalk with its many crevices permits percolation that causes superficial outflows.
In Baden-Württemberg alone, at least a thousand such estates are known to exist and the majority thereof in the fertile Neckar river valley around Zuffenhausen, Bad Cannstatt, Ludwigsburg, and Heilbronn. This fortress, now known as Castrum Stuttgart Bad Cannstatt, spanned about 37,400 m2 (403,000 sq ft), housed 500 horsemen, and had about 20 towers. In the course of the plans for re-division of 1956, all administration in Stuttgart was completely restructured. To the north and northwest are the vast stretches of the Langes Feld rolling hills on a height of over 300 m (980 ft) that peak at (327 m (1,073 ft) near Neuwirtshaus, an area that constitutes the eastern Strohgäu, a rich farmland largely free of trees.
The landscape changed during the massive expansion of settlements beyond the Feuerbach valley, especially during the second half of the 19th century to the west and to the east, after 1945, with the introduction of Sealed roads and the rerouting of streams in unprecedented scale. However, in nearby Ludwigsburg and Weilimdorf, Bronze Age barrows do exist, although the smaller tombs were all destroyed by farming and irrigation. The oldest known official denotation as a property of Bebenhausen Abbey by Pope Innocent III dates to May 18, 1204. Further profound changes on the landscape took place after the Second World War as agricultural lands were leveled with debris and overburden. Zuffenhausen is one of three northernmost urban districts of the city of Stuttgart, capital of the German state of Baden-Württemberg. Zuffenhausen area is traversed by a huge faultline, called the "Schwieberdinger-Zuffenhäuser-Cannstatter rejection", which was formed 65 million years ago by the tectonic activities that created the nearby Alps. Miscellaneous changes to the landscape includes the filling in of a few old quarries and clay pits in the Feuerbach river valley, and the creation of a high plateau of an old ditch that came down from Stammheim, which now serves as an expansion of Zuffenhausen's cemetery. Stuttgart-Zuffenhausen station on the Franconia Railway is served by lines S4, S5, S6 and S60 of the Stuttgart S-Bahn. As of 2009 around 35,000 people lived in Zuffenhausen's area of 1,200 ha (12 km ), making it the third largest of Stuttgart's outer urban districts. Late Neolithic, Chalcolithic:[23] Though hardly evident in Zuffenhausen, the usage and creation of copper tools by the Goldberg III culture and the Horgen culture with the earliest wheel discoveries had become widespread in Upper Swabia by the mid-4th Millennium BC. Other notable early Bronze Age items in the Zuffenhausen area are various pottery caches attributed to the Corded ware culture. Since the emergence of a concern for the conservation of natural habitats and the creation of an association for local biospheres in 2003, nature reserves have been declared as conservation areas by the local government. During the Middle Ages, Zuffenhausen was often mistakenly referred to as "Offenhausen" and "Ottohausen" due to differences in Alemannic German and later German tongues. Stuttgart-Zuffenhausen has been consistently inhabited for about 7500 years. Settlers of the Beaker culture, another mid-4th Millennium culture in Neolithic Europe, left behind multiple examples of their typical pottery, flat graves and jewelry in a region stretching from Zuffenhausen to Kornwestheim. A few old creeks and streams would later become city streets. Zuffenhausen's and the northern part of the Stuttgart Bay's topography are crucial for transport and settlement planning, as a central north-south axis of the city's most important transport hub (Pragsattel) has always traversed the area. Stuttgart Neuwirtshaus (Porscheplatz) station is nearby and served by lines S6 and S60. Since the 19th century, people have also considerably changed the geographical features of Zuffenhausen via the development of railway lines and roads, the excavated material was used to fill depressions and drain local ponds. In the so-called "Expansion Phase" of the 7th century the Alemanni experienced the introduction of Christianity and a small explosion of population under strong Franconian-Merovingian influence. Since January 1, 2001, after yet another administrative reorganization of the municipalities of Stuttgart, Zuffenhausen is endowed with 11 municipalities. The eastern part of the forest is the present city park, the northern section near Neuwirtshaus is now Schützenwies Forest, the westernmost part in Weilimdorf is now called the Maierwald.[6]. Similarly such findings were made in Rot (a foot shackle made of bronze) and in Neuwirtshaus . To the south are the Stuttgart Mountains and the Neckar valley to the east, followed by the Schurwald mountains. Initially, it is assumed that in 600 CE the settlement consisted of two estates - the first by the old Roman road near a large cemetery and the other on the site of a previous Pre-Roman settlement (likely built to protect an east-west river crossing) as marked by the existence of large Alemanni burial mounds which yielded rich caches of artifacts. [9] Noise pollution in the area is attributed to the Bundesautobahn 81, Bundesstraße 10, 27, 27a, the Stuttgart S-Bahn and the Stuttgarter Straßenbahnen. From 85 to 90 CE, one of the most important Roman forts north of the Alps was built on the Altenburg near Bad Cannstatt.
In modern times, the entire water network is oriented on the Neckar, but the Feuerbach is still an important part of it featuring several tributaries of its own coming mostly from the west. Most of the vineyards on the western slope of the Feuerbach river in the region were made fully operational between 1976 and 1979. Even with the practice of shifting cultivation, archaeological evidence shows that dimensions of the fields and the settlements were too large. Such settlements developed at the southern edge of the Long Field, where good loess was available. Without a doubt, the Alemanni period in Zuffenhusen's history was the most influential for the layout of the town and its municipalities. They cultivated einkorn, emmer and wheat, but only after the cutting down and incineration of nearby mixed oak forests by early settlements in need of new lands for crops. These settlements must be imagined as increasingly large settlement chambers enclosed in forest, which at that time covered Middle-Europe. However, especially in the Loess areas, the forests quickly faded by intensive use within decades and their composition also changed with Elm and Tilia disappearing almost completely. [16][17] Due to the existence of such types of soils it is implied that there used to be a warmer climate and open wooded steppes during the Holocene period that were suitable for clearing and could be found in valleys. The headquarters of Porsche and the Porsche Museum are located in Zuffenhausen. On April 23, 1907, during the reign of King William II of Württemberg, Zuffenhausen became a city and would later be incorporated into Stuttgart on March 31, 1931, following financial difficulties symptomatic of the Great Depression. Early Neolithic (Linear Pottery):[15] The primary discoveries dating back to this period include the remains of a settlement with its iconic banded ceramics in the northern and eastern areas of the district. At this time, Europe's landscape was glacial tundra, where ancient hunter gatherer societies followed and hunted the large herds of Mammoths, Reindeer, and Wild horses that migrated around ancient Stuttgart. In the succeeding Holocene epoch, the landscape changed from Tundra into Deciduous forest, whose composition changed several times parallel to climate fluctuations. It has a fault height of about 110 m (360 ft), from which rise the mineral waters of nearby Cannstatt. Higher layers are not expected to be found in the area due to the relatively low elevation and only occur in relation to local faultlines. Inside the city district of Zuffenhausen, six hills inside Schelmenwasen city park have been identified as grave mounds. The large amount of flint tools, blades in particular, suggests that the production of the tools using techniques such as stone grinding had become traditional. The "Rotwegsiedlung", called the SS siedlung had already been founded in 1938. Gradually, border fortresses and the Rhaetian Limes as well as towns and cities were established. The Lembergwald also stretched farther east than now and was a ducal hunting forest, which must have been so profitable that it was worthwhile to erect a hunting castle on the Schlotwiese.
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